CONTENTS

Studies

Roman Pazderský, Základy starého místopisu Pražského W. W. Tomka a jejich místo ve vývoji moderní české historiografie [W. W. Tomek’s The Foundations of Old Prague Topography and the role of topography in the evolution of modern Czech historiography] (7–42)

Abstract:
This study focuses on an analysis and general assessment of one of the most distinctive works of Czech historiography and historical topography, whose author is the distinguished 19th-century Czech historian Wácslaw Wladiwoj Tomek (1818–1905). The study places Tomek’s The Foundations of Old Prague Topography within the logical context of his regional studies, and also within the broader context of 19th-century Czech historical thinking, with an emphasis on the perception of the geographic dimension of history. Elsewhere, the study’s author looks at the chronological genesis of Tomek’s oeuvre, followed by a historiographical assessment of the heuristic and methodological aspects of Foundations. The closing chapter explores the legacy of Tomek’s work and his influence on the subsequent evolution of Czech historiography.

Keywords: Wácslaw Wladiwoj Tomek – 19th-century Czech historiography – historical topography – history of historiography – history of Prague

Olga Fejtová – Jiří Pešek, „…a obzvláště jedna truhla kněh právních.“ Právnická literatura v městech pražských raného novověku (na příkladu Nového Města pražského) [“…and especially one chest of books on law.” Legal literature in the towns of Prague in the early modern era (using the example of Prague’s New Town)] (43–87)

Abstract:
A study of inheritance inventories and testaments shows 16th- and 17th-century burgher society’s interest in reading books on law and administration. At the centre of attention are the libraries owned by the burghers of Prague (primarily from the New Town) and Louny – those whose interest in such literature was as laypersons as well as those who were professionals in the relevant areas (lawyers, clerks). The studied sources show a clear, significant, and enduring interest in domestic codifications of law, in particular municipal law (Brikcí z Licka, Pavel Kristián z Koldína, Johann Jakob Weingarten), which declined only with the increased bureaucratization of the administrative sector during the 17th century. During the post-White Mountain era, law gradually became a specialist matter in the cities as well. In these professionals’ libraries from this period, there is a significant increase in the percentage of expert legal literature, especially from abroad, which formed a vital necessity for the exercise of their profession.

Keywords: early modern era – towns of Prague – Prague’s New Town – Louny – legal literature – burgher readers

Ivana Dejmková, Modřany 1938–1947. Konfrontace obce na periferii Prahy s problémy válečné a poválečné Evropy (I. část) [Modřany 1938–1947. A town on Prague’s periphery confronts the problems of wartime and post-war Europe (Part I)] (89–127)

Abstract:
Part I of this extensive study looks at life in Modřany (until 1968 an independent municipality on the outskirts of Prague) during and immediately after World War II in connection with the history of the camp that was established in the barracks housing built in 1944 near the former Rupa factory in Modřany for slave labourers working for Germany’s Junkers company. The study describes the history of Modřany and the war’s drastic impacts on its residents. During the Prague uprising in May 1945, the local boys’ school was the collection point for Modřany’s German population, later for persons being investigated by the local security forces, and after the war it was home to an internment camp. The author also looks at the lives of the interned individuals: In mid-June 1945, people being investigated by the security forces in Prague and the nearby surroundings, as well as displaced persons passing through Czechoslovakia, were transferred to a camp that had been hastily established at the former Junkers workers’ housing. The camp, originally workers’ barracks of local significance, quickly changed into a centre for addressing the complicated question of post-war migration in the broader central Bohemian region.

Keywords: Modřany – Prague – World War II – Junkers internment camp – wartime and post-war migrations – internment of the German population – displaced persons

Karel Konečný, Městská organizace Československé strany lidové v Praze v letech 1948–1968 [The Prague chapter of the Czechoslovak People’s Party in 1948–1968] (129–155)

Abstract:
The study summarizes the evolution of the Prague chapter of the Czechoslovak People’s Party (ČSL) from 1948 to 1968. It has three parts. The first part describes the forms of repression used by the regime against officials and members of the ČSL in Prague and gives several specific examples. The second part outlines the creation and first years of the “revived” successor chapter in Prague, whose leading functionaries fully collaborated with the regime within the broad coalition of associations and organizations known as the “National Front”. The third part describes this organization’s evolution within the context of the gradual thaw in politics and society in 1960s Czechoslovakia. The rapid transformation of the ČSL’s politics and its emancipation from the National Front after March 1968 is beyond the scope of this study.

Keywords: Czechoslovak People’s Party (ČSL) – February 1948 – communist regime – repression – collaboration – Prague

Materials

Martin Illáš, Příspěvek k interpretaci objevu raně středověkého kostela na Vyšehradě [An interpretation of the discovery of the early medieval church at Vyšehrad] (159–182)

Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to identify the provenance and possible appearance of the early medieval triple-apse church from the second half of the 10th century to first half of the 11th century discovered in 2011–2014 by Bořivoj Nechvátal and Ladislav Varadzin at the ducal castle of Vyšehrad in Prague. The church’s floorplan is a specific model within the triple-apse type. In Byzantine architecture and areas of Byzantine influence, this model is found only in late antiquity and is not at all present during early Middle Ages. In Western architecture, however, it is found both in late antiquity and in the early Middle Ages, especially in Italy. The church at Vyšehrad can be placed within the context of Central European cross-shaped churches around the year 1000. The building may have been the result of contacts between Bohemia and Italy and the papal curia starting in the 960s in association with the Czech dukes attempts at establishing a Bohemian bishopric and archbishopric, and may thus demonstrate connections between the Bohemian dukes and the pope. The cross-shaped layout has a deep symbolic meaning within Christian eschatology. The church’s builder may have used it to communicate his ideological and political orientation both internally and externally. The Vyšehrad triple-apse church is thus probably an expression of the builder’s multiple aims and ideological intentions.

Keywords: Vyšehrad – triple-apse churches – early medieval architecture – type – model

Robert Gája, Soupis katolických a nekatolických obyvatel farnosti kostela sv. Havla na Starém Městě pražském z roku 1636 [The 1636 census of Catholic and non-Catholic residents of the parish of St. Gall in Prague’s Old Town] (183–242)

Abstract:
In 1636, three lists were made in order to gain a more precise record of the non-Catholic residents and the general situation in the parish of St. Gall in Prague’s Old Town. Two versions of these lists have survived. The first is a list of houses within the parish, the second is a list of Catholics, and the last one is a detailed list of heretics and suspicious people. This final list was used for the relevant portion of the complete list of heretics living within the various towns of Prague, compiled upon order of the archbishop of Prague. Another, shorter, list of heretics was compiled not long thereafter, this time listing only the buildings within the parish and their owners. The lists are a highly important source material for demographic history and historical urban topography.

Keywords: recatholization – Prague – Prague’s Old Town – Catholics – non-Catholics – heretics – catalogue of houses – parish boundaries – Church of St. Gall – number of inhabitants

Martin Omelka – Otakara Řebounová, Barokní mariánské kulty na Malé Straně v zrcadle pražských archeologických nálezů náboženských medailí (s přihlédnutím k situaci v Čechách a na Moravě) [Baroque-era Marian cults in Prague’s Lesser Town as reflected in archaeological finds of religious medallions (with a view towards the situation in Bohemia and Moravia)] (243–268)

Abstract:
The Marian cult was a characteristic expression of folk religiosity in the Czech lands from the post-White Mountain period until at least the early 19th century. Its form, intensity, and influence on everyday life can be reconstructed, among other things, by using archaeological sources. In terms of their informational value, some of the most important such sources are archaeological finds of devotional items from funerary equipment uncovered during archaeological excavations of modern-era burial sites. The most important such finds were of Marian pilgrimage medallions. Thanks in particular to their fixed association to a particular community, these finds can be considered a potentially reliable means of determining the range and level of influence of the cult of individual pilgrimage sites and a tool for gaining a closer understanding of the religious practices of a particular group of believers. The study focuses on archaeological finds of Marian pilgrimage medallions from the rescue excavations of the defunct cemetery at the former Church of St. John the Baptist (bldg. no. 322/III, Šporkova Street in the former settlement of Obora in Prague’s Lesser Town), which yielded a large number of finds of this type. Based on their analysis, the study presents an attempt at tracing the popularity of the various regional Marian cults in the Lesser Town, specifically in the parish of St. Michael, to which the studied burial site belongs.

Keywords: 17th century – 18th century – religiosity – pilgrimages – pilgrimage routes – archaeology – medallions – cemetery – Prague – Šporkova Street – Church of St. John the Baptist in Obora

Lubomír Slavíček, Jan Quirin Jahn, topograf uměleckých památek Prahy [Jan Quirin Jahn: Topographer of Prague’s artistic monuments] (269–368)

Abstract:
The writings left behind by the learned painter (“pictor doctus”) Jan Quirin Jahn (1739–1802) and stored in the National Gallery Archives in Prague contain several previously unpublished texts and notes on the artistic monuments of Prague, in particular in Hradčany and the Lesser Town. Whereas the era’s topography and travelogues of the capital of the Bohemian kingdom – or also directories and schematism catalogues intended for the town’s residents and visitors – tended to inform about the historical circumstances behind the creation of the town’s most important monuments, Jahn focused his attention on previously overlooked paintings and sculptures found in the churches and palaces of Hradčany and the Lesser Town, occasionally also the New Town and Vyšehrad, including a determination of their authorship and a brief but concise evaluation. Among other things, Jahn’s observations offer much valuable information on the artistic decoration of the churches closed by Joseph II, as well as any other monuments that over the course of history have disappeared for other reasons. Also compelling is the information expanding our knowledge of the existence and contents of Prague’s art collections, libraries and numismatic and naturalist cabinets, as well as Jahn’s evaluation of the work of renowned and lesser known artists, an expanded version of which can be found in his other writings, in particular his biographical glosses on Czech artists of the 17th and 18th centuries. The introductory study, which places Jahn’s contributions to art-historical topography within the broader context of this literary genre characteristic of this time, is accompanied by a critical edition of his “cicerone” writings on Prague.

Keywords: Jan Quirin Jahn – artistic monuments of Prague – art-historical topography – 18th-century guides of Prague – cicerone

Pavla Vrbová – Romana Kmochová, Praha objektivem Přemysla Koblice [Prague through the lens of Přemysl Koblic] (369–398)

Abstract:
The article explores the pictures of Prague taken by renowned photographer Přemysl Koblic (1892–1955). Koblic’s images of Prague, taken over the course of his entire lifetime, are of a high aesthetic and especially documentary value. Thanks to his interest in the disappearing city, he managed to preserve numerous unique photographs showing Prague’s transformation into a modern metropolis. In addition to capturing buildings that today look very different or no longer exist, many of his pictures show the life of Prague’s residents at the time. The article’s authors first describe the most interesting photographs from various parts of town, followed in the second half by a discussion of more universal subjects.

Keywords: Prague – amateur photography – topography – urbanism – Přemysl Koblic

Reviews
(399–467)

Pragensia

Olga Fejtová, Jednota bratrská v městech pražských v době předbělohorské a rejstřík členů pražského sboru [The Unity of the Brethren in Prague’s Towns During the pre-White Mountain Era and a List of the Members of the Prague Congregation] (Markéta Růčková)

Miroslava Přikrylová, Soupis vedut vzniklých do roku 1850. Sv. III/1. Sbírka grafiky Archivu hlavního města Prahy [A Catalogue of Vedute Created Before 1850, Vol. III/1. Graphic collection of the Prague City Archives] (Jiří Lukas)

J. G. Grasel vor Gericht. Die Verhörsprotokolle des Wiener Kriminalgerichts und des Kriegsgerichts in Wien, (Hrsg.) Winfried Platzgummer – Christian Zolles (Petr Kreuz)

Wilhelm Güde, Der Rechtshistoriker Guido Kisch (1889–1985) (Petr Kreuz)

Urbana

Práva městská Království českého (edice s komentářem) [The Laws of the Bohemian Kingdom (with commentary)], (eds.) Karel Malý et al. (Eduard Maur)

Josef Hrdlička, Víra a moc. Politika, komunikace a protireformace v předmoderním městě (Jindřichův Hradec 1590–1630) [Faith and Power. Politics, Communication and the Counterreformation in the Pre-Modern City (Jindřichův Hradec 1590–1630)] (Olga Fejtová)

Göttlicher Zorn und menschliches Maß. Religiöse Abweichung in frühneuzeitlichen Stadtgemeinschaften, (Hrsg.) Alexander Kästner – Gerd Schwerhoff (Petr Kreuz)

Iwona Imańska, Per medium auctionis. Aukcje książek w Rzeczypospolitej (XVII–XVIII w.) (Olga Fejtová)

Karl Megner, Beamtenmetropole Wien 1500–1938: Bausteine zu einer Sozialgeschichte der Beamten vorwiegend im neuzeitlichen Wien (Martina Power)

Company Towns of the Baťa Concern, (eds.) Ondřej Ševeček – Martin Jemelka (Jan Lomíček)

Diverzita etnických menšin: Prostorová dislokace a kultura bydlení [The Diversity of Ethnic Minorities: Geographic Dislocation and the Culture of Home Living], (eds.) Dana Bittnerová – Mirjam Moravcová (Ondřej Daniel)

Vana Tallinn, úspěšná tři desetiletí časopisu pro dějiny pobaltských měst [Vana Tallinn: Three Successful Decades of the Magazine for the History of Baltic Cities] (Olga Fejtová)

Varia historica

Dana Dvořáčková-Malá, Královský dvůr Václava II. [The Royal Court of Wenceslas II] (Jana Fantysová-Matějková)

Michael Borovička – Jiří Kaše – Jan P. Kučera – Pavel Bělina, Velké dějiny zemí Koruny české XII.b, 1890–1918 [A Grand History of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown XII.b, 1890–1918] (Tomáš Kavka)

Justus Nipperdey, Die Erfindung der Bevölkerungspolitik. Staat, politische Theorie und Population in der Frühen Neuzeit (Jiří Smrž)

Via Knast in den Westen. Das Kaßberg-Gefängnis und seine Geschichte, (Hrsg.) Nancy Aris – Clemens Heitmann (Petr Kreuz)

Bibliography

Jitka Holíková, A catalogue of Selected Pragensia from the years 2012–2013 (469–549)

List of illustrations
List of authors