Introduction
Ian Wood
pp. 457–461

Original Articles

Creating a ‘temple society’ in the early medieval west
Ian Wood
pp. 462–486

Through the eyes of a deacon: lesser clergy, major donors, and institutional property in fifth‐century Rome
Conrad Leyser
pp. 487–504

Seeing the churches like the state: taxes and wealth redistribution in late antique Italy
Merle Eisenberg, Paolo Tedesco
pp. 505–534

The Carolingian local ecclesia as a ‘temple society’?
Steffen Patzold, Carine van Rhijn
pp. 535–554

‘Because their patron never dies’: ecclesiastical freedmen, socio‐religious interaction, and group formation under the aegis of ‘church property’ in the early medieval west (sixth to eleventh centuries)
Stefan Esders
pp. 555–585

The admission of former slaves into churches and monasteries: reaching behind the sources
Roy Flechner, Janel Fontaine
pp. 586–611

Book reviews

‘Charms’, Liturgies, and Secret Rites in Early Medieval England. By Ciaran Arthur. Suffolk: Boydell & Brewer. 2018. viii + 252 pp. £ 60. ISBN 9781783273133.
Renie Choy
pp. 612–614

Bishops in Flight. Exile and Displacement in Late Antiquity. By Jennifer Barry. Oakland: University of California Press. 2019. 200 pp. $ 34.95, £ 29 (paperback). ISBN 9780520300378. [A free ebook version is available at https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520300378/bishops‐in‐flight]
Julia Hillner
pp. 614–617

The Myth of Pelagianism. By Ali Bonner. British Academy Monographs. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2018. 360 pp. £ 80. ISBN 9780197266397.
Mathijs Lamberigts
pp. 617–620

Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500–1300). By Florin Curta. Brill’s Companions to European History 19. Leiden: Brill. 2019. 2 volumes: I Text, xxi + 717 pp., 90 figures and 12 tables; II Bibliography and index, vi + 681 pp. € 217. ISBN 978 90 04 34257 6.
Paweł Figurski
pp. 620–622

La Nature et le roi: Environnement, pouvoir et société à l’âge de Charlemagne (740–820). By Jean‐Pierre Devroey. Paris: Éditions Albin Michel. 2019. 588 pp. € 25. ISBN 9782226439406.
Noah Blan
pp. 622–626

Barbarians and Jews: Jews and Judaism in the Early Medieval West. Edited by Yitzhak Hen and Thomas F.X. Noble. DIASPORA: New Perspectives on Jewish History and Cultures. Turnhout: Brepols. 2018. xi + 341 pp. € 85. ISBN 978 2 503 58101 9The Journey of Deacon Bodo from the Rhine to the Guadalquivir: Apostasy and Conversion to Judaism in Early Medieval Europe. By Frank Riess. London and New York: Routledge. 2019. xii + 212 pp + 3 colour plates. £ 120. ISBN 978 1 138 31409 2
Neta Bodner
pp. 626–628

After the Carolingians. Re‐defining Manuscript Illumination in the 10th and 11th Centuries. Edited by Beatrice Kitzinger and Joshua O’Driscoll. Sense, Matter, and Medium 2. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter. 2019. xi + 482 pp. + 230 b/w and colour figures. £ 56.50 (hardback); £ 56.50 (eBook/PDF); £ 56.50 (EPUB). ISBN 978 3 11 057467 8 (hardback); ISBN 978 3 11 057949 9 (eBook/PDF); ISBN 978 3 11 057839 3 (EPUB).
Evan Gatti
pp. 629–631

Medicine at Monte Cassino: Constantine the African and the Oldest Manuscript of his Pantegni. By Erik Kwakkel and Francis Newton, with a preface by Eliza Glaze. Speculum Sanitatis: Studies in Medieval and Early Modern Medical Culture (500–1800) 1. Turnhout: Brepols. 2019. xxxvi + 255 pp. € 80. ISBN 9 78 250357921 4.
Claire Burridge
pp. 631–634

Bede and Time: Computus, Theology and History in the Early Medieval World. By Máirín MacCarron. Studies in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland. London: Routledge. 2019. xxii + 210 pp. ISBN 978 1 4724 7663 0/978 1 315 56886 7.
James T. Palmer
pp. 634–636

Neue Wege der Frühmittelalterforschung – Bilanz und Perspektiven. Edited by Walter Pohl, Maximilian Diesenberger and Bernhard Zeller. Forschungen zur Geschichte des Mittelalters 22. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 2018. 467 pp. € 89. ISBN 978 3 7001 8155 2.
James M. Harland
pp. 636–639

The Viking Way. Magic and Mind in Late Iron Age Scandinavia. By Neil Price. Oxbow Books, Oxford. 2019. 432 pp. £ 30. ISBN 9781842172605.
Marianne Hem Eriksen
pp. 639–641

The Rhetoric of Free Speech in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. By Irene van Renswoude. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2019. 279 pp. £ 75 (hardback). ISBN 978 1 107 03813 4.
Giacomo Vignodelli
pp. 641–644

The Beginnings of the Cult of Relics. By Robert Wiśniewski. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. 2019. 249 pp. + 11 b/w figures. $ 85. ISBN 978 0 19 967556 2.
Kate M. Craig
pp. 644–646