Inhaltsverzeichnis
Allgemeine Geschichte
Désirée WELTER
Walter von Meysenburg – ein „dominicain modèle“ des 13. Jahrhunderts [Walter of Meysenburg – a model Dominican of the 13th century], S. 405–422
Readers of brother Hermann’s Leben der Grafin Yolanda von Vianden are well familiar with Walter von Meysenburg. The Blackfriar aroused Yolanda's enthusiasm for the poverty movement, became her confessor and her spiritual director and thus initiated the family quarrels that only came to an end when, in 1248, Yolanda was finally allowed to enter the community of mulieres religiosae in Marienthal near Mersch. Furthermore, Walter von Meysenburg appears not only in charters from the middle of the 13th century, but also in contemporary literary writing. The rather broad availability of sources led to this attempt to reconstruct Walter’s biography. A personality with many facets, Walter dedicated himself to the expansion of the Dominican order and gained visibility and importance beyond regional confines. With his background in theology, he became lecturer in various Dominican convents. Entrusted with the cura monialium, he initiated the founding of further Dominican monasteries. Inclined to mystical practices, his diplomatic and organizational skills were so convincing that even members of the highest circles within the medieval society appreciated his advice. In close touch with the powerful and mighty, he contributed much to further establish the Blackfriars in their early days.
Pierre MONNET
Charles IV : quel roi, quel individu ? [Charles IV: what kind of king? what kind of individual?], S. 423–456
The aim of this article is to answer an apparently simple yet difficult to solve question, which is at the root of the writing of any historical biography: who was the researched subject, in this particular case, Charles IV of Luxembourg (1316–1378), King of the Romans, King of Bohemia, King of the Lombards, King of Burgundy and Holy Roman Emperor? In this respect, current developments within historiography, and more precisely medieval history, are taken into account, as they relate to the bias of the available sources or to the anthropological problem of the advent of the individual at the end of Middle Ages, and to the ambitions reflected in the means chosen by this royal person to represent himself and inscribe his own memory. It emerges that this attempt to define who Charles IV was can only be undertaken by using documents that have been transmitted and selected by the King-Emperor and his entourage. This brings with it an interrogation about the intentions of a royal person who wanted to inscribe the way in which he was remembered in a framework combining political, legislative, literate and sacred sovereignty. Amongst the constitutive elements for the study of this double building process of individuality and sovereignty detectable in the works and pictures of this king-emperor, the article – aside from the main deeds of his reigns and his autobiographical Vita written down in the 1350s – focuses on the series of aligned portraits hung in Prag, in Karlstein Castle, as well as on the altarpieces, paintings and illuminated manuscripts produced in his proximity and often under his control. From these sources, emerges the image of a potentially holy king, frozen in an imperiality fit to defy the passage of time.
Marc SCHOENTGEN
Der deutsche Einmarsch 1940 und die Macht der Bilder. Ein Beitrag zur „Visual History“ des Zweiten Weltkrieges in Luxemburg [The German invasion of 1940 and the power of images. A contribution to the «Visual History» of the Second World War in Luxembourg], S. 457–481
Visual History examines pictures that belong to the collective memory. Up to now, however, historians have dealt little with photographs from the period of the Second World War in Luxembourg. Using the year 1940 as an example, the author shows that the beginning of the war was a multi-media event. On the occasion of the German invasion of Luxembourg, numerous photographs documented the military events on the German-Luxembourg border and the encounters between German soldiers and Luxembourg civilians from different perspectives. Propaganda units of the Wehrmacht took photos and made films that appeared in newsreels and Nazi publications. They were part of the official war propaganda and were supposed to legitimize the invasion of the neutral Grand Duchy. Luxembourgish photographers also captured the war events in pictures. The example of Tony Krier’s photographs shows how photographs from 1940 had a life of their own: they were misused by the Nazi press for propaganda purposes, and after the war they were embedded in new narratives. The author also deals with the numerous private photographs taken by German soldiers during their stay in Luxembourg. These photographs open up an unusual perspective on the war and the relations between occupiers and occupied.
Forschungsberichte
Christa Birkel, geb. Dönges
Das Herzogtum Luxemburg unter ‚auswärtiger‘ Herrschaft (1346–1437). Legitimation, Delegation und Partizipation zwischen Kooperation und Konkurrenz, Dissertation, Universität Luxemburg 2020; Betreuer: Prof. Dr. Michel Pauly, S. 482–486
Mirlene Fonseca Monteiro
Quelle place s'attribuent les jeunes adultes d'origine capverdienne au sein de la société luxembourgeoise ? Quel sens donnent-ils à la notion d’intégration ? Mémoire de Master en Ingénierie et Actions Sociales, soutenu à la Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant, 2020 ; promoteur : Pierre Assenmaker, S. 486–489
Buchbesprechungen
(Volltext einsehbar auf recensio.net)
S. 490–504
Hans-Werner Goetz, Rezension zu:
Jean-Pierre Devroey, La Nature et le roi. Environnement, pouvoir et société à l’âge de Charlemagne (740–820), Paris: Éditions Albin Michel 2019; 590 p. ; ISBN 978-2-226-43940-6 ; 25 €.
Max Schmitz, Rezension zu:
André Delvaux, Barthélemy Latomus. Pédagogue et conseiller humaniste (~1497 – 1570) (Cahiers d’Humanisme et Renaissance, 163), Genève : Droz, 2020; 592 p.; ISBN 978-2-600-05998-5; 46,45 €.
Ralf Banken, Rezension zu:
Archives nationales de Luxembourg (Hg.), David & Goliath. L’adhésion du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg au Zollverein allemand 1842–1918. Die Anbindung des Großherzogtums Luxemburg an den Deutschen Zollverein 1842–1918; Luxemburg 2019; 424 S., zahlreiche farbige Abbildungen; ISBN 9-782919-773237;
35 €.
Stefan Heinz, Rezension zu:
Richard Nemec, Die Ökonomisierung des Raums. Planen und Bauen in Mittel- und Osteuropa unter den Nationalsozialisten 1938 bis 1945, Berlin: DOM publishers, 2020, 498 S., 480 Abb.; ISBN 978-3-86922-168-7; 98 €.
Christoph Brüll, Rezension zu:
Thierry Grosbois (éd.), Les enrôlés de force en Union soviétique (1941– 1955). Actes du colloque du 7 mai 2015, Sarrebruck: Editions Universitaires Européennes, 2017; 261 p.; ISBN 978-3-639-48156-3; 44,90 €.
Jochen Zenthöfer, Rezension zu:
René Link / Francis Dahm, Das Schulwesen der Gemeinden Junglinster und Rodenburg, Echternach: Imprimerie de l’Est, 2020; 3 Bände; 225, 247 und 294 S.; ISBN 978-99959-0-493-7; 75 €.