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1. ARTICLE OF THE MONTH: THE GEOGRAPHY OF VIOLENCE
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A semblance of calm might have returned to the French suburbs, but the issues thrown up by the November riots still smoulder. Originally published in "Esprit", and now in English translation in Eurozine, French sociologists and geographers discuss "The geography of violence".

While the rioting had its precedents in the 1980s and 1990s, this time it involved new actors, new areas, and new targets. "There has been a transformation from the rioting of hope of the 1980s [...] to the rioting of despair," says urban sociologist Jacques Donzelot. Unemployment, ghettoization, unsympathetic policing -- the causes are familiar enough. Only this time, says geographer Marie-Christine Jaillet, "The political experience which their elders lived through has not enabled young people to find any more political means of expression than violent implosion."

Social mixing looks good on paper but depends on people having control of the process: "If you impose mixing and thereby deny people their own identity then all that you are doing is bringing about a withdrawal effect", cautions Donzelot. And redistributive taxation between districts can be equally counter-productive, says geographer Philippe Estèbe, if it fails to benefit the disadvantaged.

Was there a message to be had from the riots? Sociologist Hugues Lagrange asks whether they might have been a new attempt to force solidarity from the middle classes. "Because part of the population is excluded from the world of work, this enforced relationship cannot now be expressed at the factory. [...] It has shifted to the suburbs and is happening there as something which is part, not of the class struggle, but of the struggle for place."

Jacques Donzelot, Philippe Estèbe, Marie-Christine Jaillet, Hugues Lagrange
NOVEMBER NIGHTS 2005: THE GEOGRAPHY OF VIOLENCE. A ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION

This article is available in English and French at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-02-01-donzelot-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-02-01-donzelot-fr.html

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2. LITERARY PERSPECTIVES: HUNGARY
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Literary criticism in the narrow sense of the word is today a very national affair. Almost all books reviewed in daily and weekly newspapers are published in the country where the review appears. This was not always the case. Not so long ago, newspapers and magazines regularly discussed contemporary literature published outside their respective domestic scenes. There are several reasons for this development but it is safe to say that there is still a need for a "re-transnationalization" of literary criticism.

"Literary perspectives" is a step in this direction. Eurozine's new series of essays aims to provide an overview of different and diverse literary landscapes, describing the current literary climate in specific European countries. The articles in this series are published bi-monthly and are written by renowned literary critics.

We begin with Hungary, whose literature already ranks among Europe's richest. However, Péter Nádas, Péter Esterházy, and Imre Kertész are not all there is to the contemporary Hungarian scene. Poet, publisher, and translator Gábor Csordás introduces five new Hungarian novels; György Spiró speaks about his new book "Captivity"; and the English translator of Imre Kertész writes about Hungarian literature in translation.

Gábor Csordás
LITERARY PERSPECTIVES: HUNGARY. MASTERING HISTORY THROUGH NARRATIVE?

This article is available in English and Hungarian at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-csordas-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-csordas-hu.html

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3. EUROZINE IN THE PRESS
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Eurozine's press presentation in Hamburg on 26 January generated positive responses in the German media. In an interview with Deutschlandradio, director of the Hamburg Institute for Social Research Jan Phillip Reemtsma talks about Eurozine: "Taking the voice of others seriously is important for mutual understanding. Eurozine makes it possible for me to get information that I would not get any other way. What do intellectuals in Belarus or Lithuania discuss? It is not possible to know if one does not know these languages. In Eurozine I get at least a partial insight into these discussions, which makes it possible for me to Europeanize my views."

The Berlin daily "Tageszeitung" writes, "The fact that critical voices can be heard outside of their local sphere might only be possible thanks to the Vienna-based netmagazine Eurozine". On the issue of print vs. electronic media, "taz" quotes Eurozine editor-in-chief Carl Henrik Fredriksson: "Rather than seeing the Internet as competition for printed texts, we see it as a chance to link timeliness and continuity."

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4. NEW ARTICLES
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Jacques Donzelot, Philippe Estèbe, Marie-Christine Jaillet, Hugues Lagrange
NOVEMBER NIGHTS 2005: THE GEOGRAPHY OF VIOLENCE. A ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION
A semblance of calm might have returned to the French suburbs, but the issues thrown up by the November riots still smoulder. French sociologists discuss the implications for contemporary urban policy.

This article is available in English and French at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-02-01-donzelot-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-02-01-donzelot-fr.html

Yann Moulier Boutang
THE OLD "NEW CLOTHES" OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. IN DEFENCE OF THE "INSIGNIFICANT" RIOTERS
It is possible that the "apolitical" youths of the banlieue have done more to set things in motion in France than thirty years of political posturing, says the director of French journal "Multitudes".

This article is available in English and French at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-02-01-boutang-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-02-01-boutang-fr.html

Carl Henrik Fredriksson
LITERARY PERSPECTIVES: AN INTRODUCTION. THE RE-TRANSNATIONALIZATION OF LITERARY CRITICISM
Eurozine's new series of essays aims to provide an overview of diverse literary landscapes in Europe.

This article is available in English at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-fredriksson-en.html

Gábor Csordás
LITERARY PERSPECTIVES: HUNGARY. MASTERING HISTORY THROUGH NARRATIVE?
In the first essay in the Eurozine "Literary perspectives" series, Gábor Csordás reads the newest Hungarian novels. All share a concern with narrative, holding out to the reader the hope of mastering history.

This article is available in English and Hungarian at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-csordas-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-csordas-hu.html

Gábor Csordás
THE BODY OF THE TEXT. CORPOREAL WRITING IN PÉTER NÁDAS'S "PARALLEL STORIES"
"Parallel Stories", the new novel by Péter Nádas, interweaves four sets of narratives driven by the twin motors of politics and eroticism. But "Parallel Stories" is more than the sum of its plot lines.

This article is available in English and Hungarian at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-csordas1-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-csordas1-hu.html

Erika Csontos, György Spiró
A WITNESS OF THE FIRST CENTURY. AN INTERVIEW WITH GYÖRGY SPIRÓ
The author of "Captivity", a reconstruction of the period from around the death of Christ until the Jewish War, on why he needed 800 pages to finish his story; why he imagined Jesus as a chubby, fortyish guy; and why people can no longer read the "Iliad".

This article is available in English and Hungarian at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-spiro-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-spiro-hu.html

Tim Wilkinson
WHY DOES ANYONE TRANSLATE?
The English translator of Imre Kertész talks about the lack of literary translations in the UK and US, and assesses past, present, and forthcoming efforts to bring Hungarian literary fiction to the English-speaking market.

This article is available in English at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-30-wilkinson-en.html

Truls Lie
MANDERLAY: THE MOMENT OF FREEDOM. THE ROAD TO HELL IS PAVED WITH GOOD INTENTIONS
Lars von Trier's film Manderlay delivers a kind of politics that "leaves us angry, thoughtful, or questioning".

This article is available in English and Norwegian at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-27-lie-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-27-lie-no.html

Catherine Samary
AFTER DAYTON. BOSNIA IS NEITHER UNITED NOR STABLE
Bosnia-Herzegovina was declared a potential candidate country for EU accession on 25 November 2005. But which state does the EU want to negotiate with?

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-26-samary1-de.html

Catherine Samary
NEIGHBOURS UNDER PROTECTION
Ten years after the Dayton Peace Accords, the EU is searching for a concept for the former Yugoslavian states.

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-26-samary-de.html

Ernst Tugendhat
ON WEST-EAST MYSTICISM AND SADNESS CAUSED BY A HIGHER POWER. ERNST TUGENDHAT'S ACCEPTANCE SPEECH UPON WINNING THE MEISTER ECKHART PRIZE
A look at the anthropological roots of mysticism and religion: "What intrinsic part of human life underlies the need for religion; and what leads people time and again to mysticism?"

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-24-tugendhat-de.html

Peter Lagerquist
VACATION FROM HISTORY. ETHNIC CLEANSING AS THE CLUB MED EXPERIENCE
A golden beach, picturesque ruins, and no crowds: In Club Arziv in Israel you can "feel so far away, yet be so near". People who used to live here feel the same.

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-23-lagerquist-de.html

Ferdinand Hucho
IN THE SOUTHWEST OF MOSCOW
The privileging of science in the former USSR has, in contemporary Russia, been replaced by political disinterest. Today, Russian scientists are turning away from "pure science" to applied research funded by corporations.

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-20-hucho-de.html

Rainer Metternich, Hazel Rosenstrauch, Helmut Schwarz
INDUSTRY-FUNDED AND/OR BASIC RESEARCH? INTERVIEW WITH RAINER METTERNICH AND HELMUT SCHWARZ
Does industry-funded research curtail scientific autonomy? Two senior members of the corporate and academic scientific communities discuss the pros and cons of applied and basic research.

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-20-rosenstrauch-de.html

Sebastian Lentz, Stella Schmid
BLUE GIANT. THE VIEW OF EASTERN EUROPEAN SPACE, 1951-1955
The Mercator projection of eastern Europe featured on the cover of "Osteuropa" from 1951 to 1955 had the drawback of faithfully reproducing surfaces only along the equator. On the cartographic and political distortion of eastern Europe.

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-19-lentzschmid-de.html

Ray Brandon
"POLITICAL VIEWS: JEW". WOLFGANG JOHANNES LEPPMANN (1902-1943)
After the Nazis seized power of the Weimar Republic, Slavicist and historian Wolfgang Leppmann found himself a target of Nazi racial policy.

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-19-brandon-de.html

Etyen Mahçupyan
THE NEIGHBOUR AND THE STATE. UNDERSTANDING THE CULTURAL HISTORY OF NEIGHBOURLY CONFLICT IN TURKEY
Any discussion of conflict between Turkey and its neighbours, including the so-called Armenian question, must take into account the social organization of the Ottoman period.

This article is available in English at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-18-mahcupyan-en.html

Karl Schlögel
THE FUTILITY OF ONE PROFESSOR'S LIFE. OTTO HOETZSCH AND GERMAN RUSSIAN STUDIES
Otto Hoetzsch, eastern Europe scholar and founder of the journal "Osteuropa", was defamed during WWII as a "parlour Bolshevik". His pan-European perspective suffered its final defeat with the division of Europe.

This article is available in English and German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-17-schloegel-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-17-schloegel-de.html

Aleida Assmann
HANDWRITTEN CORRESPONDENCE TO MENTAL EXERCISE BY EMAIL
Until halfway through the last century, scientists' handwritten correspondence prepared the ground for the publication of a scientific work. This stage in the process has shifted to the international conference, the organization of which is now conducted by email. What will this mean for archivists of the future?

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-16-assmann-de.html

Carl Henrik Fredriksson
ENERGIZING THE EUROPEAN PUBLIC SPACE
There is only one path open to meeting the challenge posed by a heterogeneous collective of nationally oriented viewers, listeners, and readers: a European public space spearheaded by already established national media.

This article is now available in French as well as in English, German, Italian, Estonian, Macedonian, Swedish, and Turkish at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-16-fredriksson-fr.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2005-09-08-fredriksson-et.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2005-08-12-fredriksson-mk.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2005-01-19-fredriksson-tr.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-12-16-fredriksson-de.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-06-16-fredriksson-it.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-05-13-fredriksson-sv.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-05-13-fredriksson-en.html

Nerijus Prekevicius
THE BELARUSIAN OPPOSITION. PREPARATION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN OF 2006
Could the Belarusian democratic opposition be alienating floating voters in its 2006 election campaign? An outside observer offers criticism.

This article is available in English and Belarusian at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-13-prekevicius-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-13-prekevicius-be.html

António Sousa Ribeiro
THE REASON OF BORDERS OR A BORDER REASON? TRANSLATION AS A METAPHOR FOR OUR TIMES
How does translation affect and change our notions of multiculturalism and cultural identity?

This article is now available in Italian as well as in English, Macedonian, Bosnian, Portuguese, and Turkish at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-13-ribeiro-it.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2005-10-13-ribeiro-mk.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2005-07-18-ribeiro-pt.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-10-05-ribeiro-bs.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-01-14-ribeiro-tr.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-01-08-ribeiro-en.html

Peter Oliver Loew
TWINS CAUGHT BETWEEN ENDECJA AND SANACJA. POLAND'S NEW CENTRE-RIGHT GOVERNMENT AND ITS HISTORICAL ROOTS
The new Polish party of government, Prawo i Sprawiedliwosc, is sympathetic to heroes of the national independence struggle of the first half of the twentieth century. It is one indication that traditionalist thinking will dominate Polish politics in the coming years; whether it will be suitable for solving contemporary problems remains to be seen.

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-12-loew-de.html

Hasan Bülent Kahraman
TRANSLATING THE TRANSLATION
Critical trends are shaping the field of translation studies.

This article is now available in Italian as well as in English, Swedish, and Turkish at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-12-kahraman-it.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-06-03-kahraman-sv.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-01-14-kahraman-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2004-01-14-kahraman-tr.html

Erica Johnson Debeljak
GAINED IN TRANSLATION
What is the translator's job? To bring the text to the reader or the reader to the text? And either way, do translators receive the credit they deserve?

This article is now available in Italian as well as in English and Slovenian at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-11-johnsondebeljak-it.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2005-07-25-johnsondebeljak-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2005-07-25-johnsondebeljak-sl.html

Dagmar Burkhart
THE PHANTASM OF THE OVERCOAT. GOGOL', TIMM, MAKANIN
Nikolai Gogol's short story "The Overcoat" (1842), Vladimir Makanin's novel "Underground, or A Hero of Our Times" (1998), and Uwe Timm's short story "The Overcoat" (1999) have in common a psycho-poetic orientation towards the Other, based on the phantasm of the overcoat.

This article is available in German at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-11-burkhart-de.html

Marc-Olivier Padis
THE DEMOCRATIC NEIGHBOUR. POLITICS OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN AN ENLARGED EUROPE
The politics of human rights had its heyday in Europe in the 1990s; today, it is held responsible for a multitude of ills. The editor of Esprit defends democracy's radical commitment.

This article is available in English at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-09-padis-en.html

Esra Akcan
MELANCHOLY AND THE "OTHER"
Freud analyzed melancholia as the ego's internalization of the lost object, and thus the loss of ego itself. Can the architecture of the "geographic other" be read for the symptoms of melancholy?

This article is now available in Swedish as well as in English and Turkish at:
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-01-05-akcan-sv.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2005-08-25-akcan-en.html
>>http://www.eurozine.com/articles/2006-08-25-akcan-tr.html